Hebrew is a Semitic language of the Afro-Asiatic origins spoken by six million people in Israel (95 percent of its population) and some Jewish communities spread throughout the world. The language is, along with Arabic, one of two official languages of Israel. It belongs to Semitic groups of Northwest and more specifically the Canaanite subgroup languages (Hebrew language classes NYC).
This subgroup also includes the Phoenician-Punic, Moabite and Ammonite. The other subgroup of northwestern Semitic languages to which it belongs is Aramaic, whose similarities are still evident although somewhat more distant than the Phoenician. Quite possibly some varieties of Phoenician are mutually intelligible to a high degree.
Jesus came from Galilee and probably spoke Aramaic. Some of his words quoted in the Gospels are in Aramaic, though some (such as abba and ephphatta) can be both Hebrew and Aramaic. It is not unlikely that also speak Hebrew, especially on visits to Judea. Some studies (see external links) indicate that it is likely that Jesus spoke Hebrew with Galilean accent.
Ancient variants were not a completely homogeneous tongue. It was well known that there were dialectal differences among the Israelites. The Bible was transmitted by people in Judah, but remains of another dialect. The Song of Deborah (Judges 12), appears to be of northern origin, it uses the masculine plurals in -IN in v. 10 and relative particle salts in verse 7, where the dialect of Judah would have used -im and Asher, respectively.
There were other differences between the Semitic language from the north and south. A story like Kings 4 (in which the prophet Elisha North appears) has also retained some of its northern dialect. Then some northern inscriptions show dialect differences. The book of Hosea contains many linguistic and textual difficulties, and some of them may perhaps be explained as a result of northern dialect.
The Semitic variant changed over time. The linguistic variant used in book of Chronicles, for example, is different from Reyes. Aramaic became the dominant form in Syro-Palestinian region and influenced it and eventually displaced it in some areas. Nehemiah 13.24 complains that some children of mixed marriages could no longer speak the tongue of Judah, but spoke Ashdod.
As a spoken language, it was recovered during the late nineteenth century to serve as a national language to the future Jewish state. As in the beginning, most speakers of this revived lingo have European ancestors, and for centuries it was a lingo of liturgical and academic use, and it was a dead liturgical type, its revival as a mother tongue of a community has been accompanied by a significant influence of substrate type of European languages.
In particular, faringales, and some fricatives are lost. Also in grammar use in Israel has raised new applications not found inside the Bible. However, the waves of Jewish refugees expelled from Arab countries after 1948, in numbers eventually outnumbered those of European origin and claimed to some extent, the traditional pronunciation.
This subgroup also includes the Phoenician-Punic, Moabite and Ammonite. The other subgroup of northwestern Semitic languages to which it belongs is Aramaic, whose similarities are still evident although somewhat more distant than the Phoenician. Quite possibly some varieties of Phoenician are mutually intelligible to a high degree.
Jesus came from Galilee and probably spoke Aramaic. Some of his words quoted in the Gospels are in Aramaic, though some (such as abba and ephphatta) can be both Hebrew and Aramaic. It is not unlikely that also speak Hebrew, especially on visits to Judea. Some studies (see external links) indicate that it is likely that Jesus spoke Hebrew with Galilean accent.
Ancient variants were not a completely homogeneous tongue. It was well known that there were dialectal differences among the Israelites. The Bible was transmitted by people in Judah, but remains of another dialect. The Song of Deborah (Judges 12), appears to be of northern origin, it uses the masculine plurals in -IN in v. 10 and relative particle salts in verse 7, where the dialect of Judah would have used -im and Asher, respectively.
There were other differences between the Semitic language from the north and south. A story like Kings 4 (in which the prophet Elisha North appears) has also retained some of its northern dialect. Then some northern inscriptions show dialect differences. The book of Hosea contains many linguistic and textual difficulties, and some of them may perhaps be explained as a result of northern dialect.
The Semitic variant changed over time. The linguistic variant used in book of Chronicles, for example, is different from Reyes. Aramaic became the dominant form in Syro-Palestinian region and influenced it and eventually displaced it in some areas. Nehemiah 13.24 complains that some children of mixed marriages could no longer speak the tongue of Judah, but spoke Ashdod.
As a spoken language, it was recovered during the late nineteenth century to serve as a national language to the future Jewish state. As in the beginning, most speakers of this revived lingo have European ancestors, and for centuries it was a lingo of liturgical and academic use, and it was a dead liturgical type, its revival as a mother tongue of a community has been accompanied by a significant influence of substrate type of European languages.
In particular, faringales, and some fricatives are lost. Also in grammar use in Israel has raised new applications not found inside the Bible. However, the waves of Jewish refugees expelled from Arab countries after 1948, in numbers eventually outnumbered those of European origin and claimed to some extent, the traditional pronunciation.
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